There are many type’s of karas (Aquilaria spp.) species that can produce valuable resin-impregnated heartwood substance called “gaharu” in all it’s range state. In Malaysia, we only found 5 wild species with different distribution area. Let me write more about this species which is found in habitat at latitude between 0 and 1000 m above sea level.
1. Aquilaria hirta
State found : Terengganu, Pahang, Johor,Borneo
2. Aquilaria beccariana
State found : Johor
3. Aquilaria rostrata
State found : Tahan Mountain, Pahang ( hill species),Borneo
4. Aquilaria malaccencis
State found : All state in Malaysia exclude Kedah and Perlis
5. Aquilaria microcarpa
State found : Johor and mangrove area
Nowadays, people start planting karas for commercial purposes. And because of this, there are several more species used in this plantation such as sub-integra and so on.
Further research should be done to make sure the most valuable karas species that can be used for highest profit return at karas plantation. We cannot rely on other country research because they will more focus on the species that can be found in their country. Different environment contribute for different adaptation
Gaharu or Agarwood (or just Agar) is the resinous heartwood from Aquilaria trees, large evergreens native to southeast Asia. The trees occasionally become infected with mold and begin to produce an aromatic resin in response to this attack. As the infection grows, it results in a very rich, dark resin within the heartwood.
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